On the Variability of the Dmanisi Mandibles
Identifieur interne : 000568 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000567; suivant : 000569On the Variability of the Dmanisi Mandibles
Auteurs : José María Bermúdez De Castro [Espagne] ; María Martin N-Torres [Espagne] ; Mark Jan Sier [Espagne, Pays-Bas] ; Laura Martín-Francés [Espagne]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
The description of a new skull (D4500) from the Dmanisi site (Republic of Georgia) has reopened the debate about the morphological variability within the genus
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088212
PubMed: 24586309
PubMed Central: 3930530
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">On the Variability of the Dmanisi Mandibles</title><author><name sortKey="Bermudez De Castro, Jose Maria" sort="Bermudez De Castro, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Bermudez De Castro J" first="José María" last="Bermúdez De Castro">José María Bermúdez De Castro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Burgos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin N Torres, Maria" sort="Martin N Torres, Maria" uniqKey="Martin N Torres M" first="María" last="Martin N-Torres">María Martin N-Torres</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research 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sort="Martin Frances, Laura" uniqKey="Martin Frances L" first="Laura" last="Martín-Francés">Laura Martín-Francés</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Burgos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24586309</idno><idno type="pmc">3930530</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930530</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3930530</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0088212</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000737</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000737</idno><idno 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Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Burgos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin N Torres, Maria" sort="Martin N Torres, Maria" uniqKey="Martin N Torres M" first="María" last="Martin N-Torres">María Martin N-Torres</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Burgos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sier, Mark Jan" sort="Sier, Mark Jan" uniqKey="Sier M" first="Mark Jan" last="Sier">Mark Jan Sier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Burgos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Paleomagnetic Laboratory ‘Fort Hoofddijk’, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Paleomagnetic Laboratory ‘Fort Hoofddijk’, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Utrecht</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Human Origins Group, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Human Origins Group, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin Frances, Laura" sort="Martin Frances, Laura" uniqKey="Martin Frances L" first="Laura" last="Martín-Francés">Laura Martín-Francés</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Dental Anthropology Group, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Burgos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The description of a new skull (D4500) from the Dmanisi site (Republic of Georgia) has reopened the debate about the morphological variability within the genus <italic>Homo.</italic> The new skull fits with a mandible (D2600) often referred as ‘big’ or ‘enigmatic’ because of its differences with the other Dmanisi mandibles (D211 and D2735). In this report we present a comparative study of the variability of the Dmanisi mandibles under a different perspective, as we focus in morphological aspects related to growth and development. We have followed the notion of modularity and phenotypic integration in order to understand the architectural differences observed within the sample. Our study reveals remarkable shape differences between D2600 and the other two mandibles, that are established early in the ontogeny (during childhood or even before) and that do not depend on size or sexual dimorphism. In addition, D2600 exhibits a mosaic of primitive and derived features regarding the <italic>Homo</italic> clade, which is absent in D211 and D2735. This mosaic expression is related to the location of the features and can be explained under the concept of modularity. Our study would support the possibility of two different paleodemes represented at the Dmanisi site. This hypothesis has been previously rejected on the basis that all the individuals were constrained in the same stratigraphic and taphonomic settings. However, our revision of the complex Dmanisi stratigraphy suggests that the accumulation could cover an undetermined period of time. Even if “short” in geological terms, the hominin accumulation was not necessarily synchronic. In the same line we discard that the differences between D2600 and the small mandibles are consequence of wear-related dentoalveolar remodeling. In addition, dental wear pattern of D2600 could suggest an adaptation to a different ecological niche than the other Dmanisi individuals.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gabunia, L" uniqKey="Gabunia L">L Gabunia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vekua, A" uniqKey="Vekua A">A Vekua</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gabunia, L" uniqKey="Gabunia L">L Gabunia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ant N, Sc" uniqKey="Ant N S">SC Antón</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lordkipanidze, D" uniqKey="Lordkipanidze D">D Lordkipanidze</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vekua, A" uniqKey="Vekua A">A Vekua</name></author><author><name sortKey="Justus, A" uniqKey="Justus A">A Justus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Lumley, H" uniqKey="De Lumley H">H de Lumley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lordkipanidze, D" 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name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bermudez De Castro, Jose Maria" sort="Bermudez De Castro, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Bermudez De Castro J" first="José María" last="Bermúdez De Castro">José María Bermúdez De Castro</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Martin Frances, Laura" sort="Martin Frances, Laura" uniqKey="Martin Frances L" first="Laura" last="Martín-Francés">Laura Martín-Francés</name><name sortKey="Martin N Torres, Maria" sort="Martin N Torres, Maria" uniqKey="Martin N Torres M" first="María" last="Martin N-Torres">María Martin N-Torres</name><name sortKey="Sier, Mark Jan" sort="Sier, Mark Jan" uniqKey="Sier M" first="Mark Jan" last="Sier">Mark Jan Sier</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Utrecht (province)"><name sortKey="Sier, Mark Jan" sort="Sier, Mark Jan" uniqKey="Sier M" first="Mark Jan" last="Sier">Mark Jan Sier</name></region><name sortKey="Sier, Mark Jan" sort="Sier, Mark Jan" uniqKey="Sier M" first="Mark Jan" last="Sier">Mark Jan 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